Pavement.



No. 847,471. v PATENTED MAR. 19,1907.

F. F. GROSS. I

PAVEMENT.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 12, 1904.

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cage, in the county of FREEMAN F.

To all whom it may concern:

{Beit'known that I, FREEMAN'F. GRoss, a citizen of the United'Stat'es, residingat Chi- Oo'ok and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and use- I fu l'Improvement in Pavements, of which the.

' following is a specification.-

in both figures.

Y My improvements ments and the like;

The illustrations must be taken as in some relateto street-pave sense diagrammatic, since it is difiicult to show by drawing the nature and condition of materials used, and, moreover, various mate: rials, can be employed, provlded' only they have the qualities necessary to perform the notions ascribed to the materials used in my invention: I have thus diagrammatica1 y illustrated my invention in the-accom panying drawing, wherein' igure 1 is a cross-section through a "ortion of street-pavement on the line 1 1 of 2,and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.

Like parts are Indicated-by the sameletter To construct my pavement, Igfirstl lav down a suitablefoundation A. f It ma be (if I any desired material.

It should be a orm of foundation which will be substantially im-.

ermeable to water.-

ave shown a form of macadam. On this foundation I lay a cushion B, which consists of material of a'yielding or plastic nature, but capable of solidifying. refer to use limestone screenings mixed with in proper roportions.- On this cushion the blocks G (l are placed, and they may be of any desired material -as, for example, gran- I terial formingthe'cushion ma '45 ite blocks orbric worked down into the in Fig; 1', so as to bring a proper cushion, as indicated plane. 'qThis may be a horizontal be curved, so atever the mabe, itmust be under proper as to form a street-arch. W

ofsuch a nature as will solid' i 'eonditions, and if when the blocks have been it will cause positioned as suggested on the cushion and if thecushion as suggested is composed of limestone screenings and cement thenif water be poured down between the blocks or bricks the sand and cement'to solidi in a concreteslike mass, thus holding the blocks or bricks firml in osition.

The cushion may e 0 any material and thickness; but Iwould prefer it to be about two inches thick; I may use'sand, limestone In the illustration I.

dry cement They can easily be their upper ends into andthe finisher. plete and in position, it is waterproof, the

4 any given movement is transmitted GROSS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PAVEMENT.

.ratenteq March 19, 1907.

screenings, fine gravel, or crushed cobblestone, or other material to-form the cushion,

with the proper addition of materials which willcause the cushion to solidify The spaces between the bricks or blocks are now supplied with a concrete filler, and I refer one of a material somewhat, similar to t at of the cushion, applied in either wetor dry condition; If dry, the surface may be flooded and-such filler caused to solidify. It ma however, be applied in a wet condition, as in the case of ordma concrete, to fill the spaces between the bloc s or bricks. There may still be surface irregularities on the blocks or between them, the spaces between the blocks or bricks and these irregularities or cavities with a finisher preferably made with Portland cement. This may bein any desired condition and ma be ut in place in any desired manner. The s ace may then be scraped or smoothed, so

as to produce a flush surface on the blocks and the filler, so as to prevent the horseshoe-calks from entering the interstices between the blocks. This same operation will fill the imperfections in crete. This scraping of the surface may be done by some form of rubber scraper.v .'It w1ll b tempted to be exhaustive in statement of materials or their conditions or details .of their application. The com leted pavement consists, broadly, of a foundation, a cushion first yielding or plastic. and then solidified, blocks, a filler, and a finisher, and the process, broadly considered, consists of-making the foundation, laying a yielding or plastic cushion thereon, placing the blocks in position, solidifying the cushion, filling the interstices between the blocks, and, desired, finishing the surface and solidfyin the filler When the whole is comwhich awheel rests at through strain on the block on the filler and the solidified cushion in rections through one or more blocks onto an extended foundation area, the excessive pressure in strictly vertical lines, as in the case of a relatively loose block, isavoided, the surface is relatively smooth and flat, and there are no open interstices between the blocks to catch and hold materialor catch the calks on horeshoes. As previously suggested, the order of these steps in the process may be varied. and some stepsmay be omitted while oband therefore I prefer tovfille understood that I have not at-.

the block-surfaces with conboth ditaining some of the important features of my l jinent which consists of laying a foundation -which shall be substantially impermeable to liquid, covering such foundation with a cushion of dry relatively finely divided material containing cement, placing blocks of stone or the like generallyrectangular and irregular in shape,.upon such cushion in its dry state, and bringing their upper surfaces to a level by building ,up or hollowing such cushion beneath said blocks,

that the water passes down through theinterstices beneath the blocks then flooding such 1 pavementwith water after the blocks have I I been laid so and makes plastic the whole of such cementitious cushion and then allowing the same to harden.

2. The process of making a street-pavement which consists of laying a foundation which shall be substantially impermeable to liquid, covering such foundation with a cushion of dry relatively finely divided material containing cement, placing blocks ofstone or the like generally rectangular and irregular in shape, upon such cushion in its dry state, and bringing their upper surfacesito .a level by building. up or ,hollowing such cushion heneath said blocks, thenfiooding. such pavement with water after the blocks have been laid so that such the interstices beneath the blocks and makes plastic the whole of such cementitious cushifiolili and filling such interstices with a concrete er; a 1 FREEMAN GROSS.

Witnesses: a

HOMER L. KRAFT, LUoY A, FALKENBERG.

water passes down through 

